Like most topics these days, pet nutrition has become a little divisive. With all the trends and changes in pet food, it can be difficult to know who or what to trust. All you want to do is find the best food for your dog or cat, so why does it have to be so complicated?

We hear you. At Hill’s, our commitment isn’t in the various trends other brands follow, but in the scientific data gathered from years of ongoing veterinary and nutritional research. Every Hill’s pet food is a collaboration between vets, scientists and pet nutritionists to ensure we are providing the best pet food for your dog or cat.

So, what does all this really mean? Well, it starts with a process called predictive biology. If you’re not a scientist or pet nutritionist, fear not — here’s our process behind making healthy, biology-based pet food products.

Research

Before any dog or cat food ever gets made, we refer to our never-ending study of pet biology. Just like humans, the biology of dogs and cats is the blueprint behind your pet’s life and their roadmap into a fully-grown pet. Learning about the inner processes, organs, neurological systems, blood, reproduction, development, and diseases of pets is essential for developing nutrition to optimise their health and wellbeing.

That’s where predictive biology comes into play. In this comprehensive approach, we study the essential roles that different ingredients and nutrients play in your pet’s health and biologic processes. We can break this research into three different areas.

Genetics

Genes (made up of DNA) are the instructions needed to make the proteins and molecules essential for growth, development and health in all living things. DNA is what controls how big your dog will get, what colour your cat will be, what health conditions your pet might be predisposed to, and just about everything else. Studying the genetic makeup of pets allows us to understand what pieces of their DNA are associated with certain traits and what role they play in a dog or cat’s health.

A pet’s DNA plays a huge role in nutrition, too. It influences the hormones, enzymes, and proteins that make up your pet’s organs and tissues and control their digestion and metabolism. Genetic research helps us to determine how a pet will react to certain ingredients and nutrients, and tells us how your pet will metabolise (break down) certain foods and not others. For instance, genetics tells us why you can enjoy chocolate as a tasty treat, but it is toxic to a dog or cat.

So, how do we study pet DNA? We begin by taking a swab of a dog or cat’s cheek and look at the cells within the sample. With the help of some sophisticated machines, we are able to extract the DNA from the cells and study it. Through careful mapping, we are able to determine which pieces of a pet’s DNA affect which biological traits.

Genomics

Genomics is the study of how ingredients and nutrients affect the genes of a living organism, i.e. your pet. Different ingredients and nutrients have the ability to change a gene's activity or expression, which is why it is so important to study this before ever formulating a pet food.

Think of genomics like a dimmer switch. Some nutrients can change the activity of genes in a metabolic pathway either by lowering (dimming) or increasing (brightening) their activity. By studying how genes react to different nutrients, we can determine the biological effects of our pet food formulations. We can do this either by observing cells in the lab, or by feeding the pet and observing changes.