What You Need to Know When Adopting a Cat

Cat Characteristics to Look For

You have a number of decisions to make when the time comes to adopt a cat. Here are the main things you'll want to consider:

• Kitten or adult cat.  Kittens are hard to resist, and you might have your heart set on one. Just keep in mind that kittens are extremely energetic and require a lot of time and patience. A kitten's temperament can also be hard to predict, as it will change as the kitten matures into an adult. If you prefer a cat with specific temperament traits, it's best to choose one that is mature. Older shelter cats tend to be calmer and often have the advantage of already being litter box trained, socialised, and acclimated to being members of a household. Also, keep in mind that kittens grow up much quicker than human babies. Most kittens will reach maturity and become an adult within a year's time.
• Temperament and personality.  Do you prefer a cat that is friendly and outgoing, or one that keeps more to itself? Do they need to get along well with children or other pets, or will they be an only cat? Do you want them to be energetic and playful, or more calm and laid back? Would you like them to be talkative or would you rather they be quiet? These characteristics have a lot more bearing on how happy you'll be with your new kitty than superficial traits like what their coat looks like, so it's important to determine your preferences before visiting the shelter. Luckily shelters allow and encourage you to interact with the cats before adopting in a cat-designated room. This will help you better determine their temperament. If they are open and apt to playing with toys, they are probably pretty outgoing. If they hide in the corner, they will probably take some time to warm up to you. If they are very friendly, purring and letting you pet them, they are likely a great cuddle buddy.
• Long-haired or short-haired.  Long-haired cats are beautiful, but they require a lot of grooming and maintenance. If you don't have regular time to devote to combing and detangling your kitty's coat, it's probably best to stick to a short-haired variety. Also, long-haired cats tend to have more, and larger hairballs from grooming. Just be prepared!
• Coat colour.  Regardless of hair length, cats shed. If you're someone who has a pristine white or light-coloured living room and wish to keep it that way, you probably wouldn't be happy with a dark-coloured cat. Similarly, if your wardrobe includes a lot of black or navy and you plan to cuddle your kitty, you should probably skip a white or light-coloured cat.
• Breed.  Purebred cats, such as the Siamese, have somewhat predictable cat characteristics based on their breed. For example, you can be certain that a Siamese will be loud and vocal, just as you can be certain that a Maine Coon will be friendly and affectionate. Before you visit the shelter, it's a good idea to research different cat breeds and their temperaments.
  Keep in mind that the majority of cats fall under the category of common domestic house cat, all of which are mixed breed. This category includes cats with distinctive coat patterns like tabbies, tuxedos, calicoes, and tortoise shells, and also includes short-haired and long-haired varieties. The temperaments of these cats can vary wildly. Even two cats who appear identical on the outside can have vastly different personalities. One benefit of their diverse gene pool is that mixed-breed cats are less prone to genetic disorders common to pure breeds, says VCA Animal Hospitals.
• Special needs.  Special needs cats include senior cats with ailments that are common to ageing, blind, deaf, or disabled cats, and those with chronic health conditions. While your heart might go out to such a cat at the shelter, it's important to bear in mind that cats with special needs will need more of your time and attention, and might also need regular veterinary care and medication that can be costly. Before taking on such a challenge, be honest with yourself about whether there's room in both your schedule and your budget to realistically accommodate the cat's needs.

Selecting Your Cat

Many shelters have adoption counsellors on staff who can help match you with the right cat. If no counsellors are available, you can still talk to shelter staff and volunteers who have spent time with each cat and got to know their personalities. If you're on your own, it can be difficult to gauge a cat's true personality when meeting them for the first time in a shelter environment, as this can be a stressful situation for the cat and they may adjust their behaviour accordingly.

In general, Vetstreet recommends that if you have a home with children or other pets, look for a bold, friendly cat who runs over to greet you when you look into their enclosure and purrs happily while rubbing their face against an offered finger. Cats that appear to have adjusted well to the shelter environment and that get along well with the other cats are likely to adjust well to the other pets in your home. Otherwise, if you have a quiet home, it might be a good fit for a shy, reserved cat that may become more relaxed and outgoing once they've spent some time in your home.

Adopting a shelter cat is a rewarding experience. Not only does it bring the enjoyment of caring for a new companion, but it also gives you the joy of knowing you've rescued a cat, your adoption opens a space for that shelter to rescue another cat in need. Following these guidelines will help you make a match that's truly rewarding for both you and your new kitty.